Dynamic Multileaf Collimator Tracking of Respiratory Target Motion Based on a Single Kilovoltage Imager During Arc Radiotherapy

Per Rugaard Poulsen, Byungchul Cho, Dan Ruan, Amit Sawant, Paul J. Keall

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

62 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: To demonstrate and characterize dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) tracking of respiratory moving targets that are spatially localized with a single kV X-ray imager during arc radiotherapy. Methods and Materials: During delivery of an arc field (358° gantry rotation, 72-sec duration, circular field shape), the three-dimensional (3D) position of a fiducial marker in a phantom was estimated in real time from fluoroscopic kV X-ray images acquired orthogonally to the treatment beam axis. A prediction algorithm was applied to account for system latency (570 ms) before the estimated marker position was used for DMLC aperture adaptation. Experiments were performed with 12 patient-measured tumor trajectories that were selected from 160 trajectories (46 patients) and reproduced by a programmable phantom. Offline, the 3D deviation of the estimated phantom position from the actual position was quantified. The two-dimensional (2D) beam-target deviation was quantified as the positional difference between the MLC aperture center and the marker in portal images acquired continuously during experiments. Simulations of imaging and treatment delivery extended the study to all 160 tumor trajectories and to arc treatments of 3-min and 5-min duration. Results: In the experiments, the mean root-mean-square deviation was 1.8 mm for the 3D target position and 1.5 mm for the 2D aperture position. Simulations agreed with this to within 0.1 mm and resulted in mean 2D root-mean-square beam-target deviations of 1.1 mm for all 160 trajectories for all treatment durations. The deviations were mainly caused by system latency (570 ms). Conclusions: Single-imager DMLC tracking of respiratory target motion during arc radiotherapy was implemented, providing less than 2-mm geometric uncertainty for most trajectories.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)600-607
Number of pages8
JournalInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics
Volume77
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 1 2010

Keywords

  • Arc radiotherapy
  • Image-guided radiotherapy
  • Intrafraction motion
  • Tumor tracking

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiation
  • Oncology
  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
  • Cancer Research

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