@article{a988e3cfb10b49d38c5d047287aa6575,
title = "Do patients{\textquoteright} cognitive therapy skills predict personality change during treatment of depression?",
abstract = "Background: Psychological interventions can change personality, including increasing positive temperament (extraversion) and decreasing negative temperament (neuroticism), but why these changes occur is unclear. The current study tested the extent to which patients{\textquoteright} acquisition and use of skills taught in cognitive therapy (CT) correlated with changes in positive and negative temperament during treatment of depression. Method: Outpatients (N = 351) with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) were enrolled in a 12-week CT protocol. Temperament (early and late in CT), patient skills (mid and late in CT), and depressive symptoms (early, mid, and late in CT) were measured repeatedly. Results: Patients with greater acquisition and use of CT skills showed significantly larger increases in positive temperament and larger decreases in negative temperament in path analyses. Effect sizes were small, median standardized |beta| = 0.13. Models controlled depressive symptom levels and changes. Conclusions: Skills taught in CT for recurrent depression correlate with personality change during this efficacious treatment. The absence of measures of CT skills at baseline and personality mid-CT allows several interpretations of the current findings. Future research is needed to clarify whether patients{\textquoteright} use of CT skills facilitates adaptive changes in personality during CT.",
keywords = "Cognitive therapy, Depression, Personality, Skills, Temperament",
author = "Vittengl, {Jeffrey R.} and Clark, {Lee Anna} and Thase, {Michael E.} and Jarrett, {Robin B.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Vittengl is a paid reviewer for UpToDate. Dr. Clark is author and copyright holder of the Schedule for Adaptive and Nonadaptive Personality. She makes the test freely available for unfunded research, non-profit clinical use, and educational purposes. For all other uses, a negotiated fee is charged which funds student research. Dr. Thase has consulted with and/or served on advisory boards for Alkermes, Allergan (includes Forest Laboratories), AstraZeneca, Cerecor, Johnson & Johnson (includes Janssen), Lundbeck, MedAvante, Merck, Moksha8, Otsuka, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, Shire, Sunovion, and Takeda; he has received grant support from Alkermes, Allergan (includes Forest Laboratories), Assurerx, Johnson & Johnson, Takeda, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute and the NIMH. He has equity holdings for MedAvante, Inc. and has received royalties from American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. (APPI), Guilford Publications, Herald House, and W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. Dr. Thase's spouse is an employee of Peloton Advantage, which does business with several pharmaceutical companies. Dr. Jarrett is a paid consultant to the NIH, NIMH, and UpToDate. She has stock equity in Amgen, Johnson and Johnson, and Proctor and Gamble. Her medical center charges fees for the cognitive therapy she provides to patients.This report was supported by Grants Number K24 MH001571, R01 MH58397, R01 MH69619 (to Robin B. Jarrett, Ph.D.) and R01 MH58356 and R01 MH69618 (to Michael E. Thase, M.D.) from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIMH or the National Institutes of Health. We also appreciate the careful review by members of the trial's Data Safety and Monitoring Board. We are indebted to our research teams and our colleagues at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, the University of Pittsburgh (where Dr. Thase was located during patient accrual), and the University of Pennsylvania (Dr. Thase's current affiliation).We appreciate the participation of colleagues, previously named, and study participants without whom such research could not have been completed. Funding Information: This report was supported by Grants Number K24 MH001571 , R01 MH58397 , R01 MH69619 (to Robin B. Jarrett, Ph.D.) and R01 MH58356 and R01 MH69618 (to Michael E. Thase, M.D.) from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIMH or the National Institutes of Health. We also appreciate the careful review by members of the trial's Data Safety and Monitoring Board. We are indebted to our research teams and our colleagues at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, the University of Pittsburgh (where Dr. Thase was located during patient accrual), and the University of Pennsylvania (Dr. Thase's current affiliation).We appreciate the participation of colleagues, previously named, and study participants without whom such research could not have been completed. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.brat.2020.103695",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "133",
journal = "Behavioral Assessment",
issn = "0005-7967",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
}