DNA typing for class II HLA antigens with allele-specific or group-specific amplification. IV. Typing for alleles of the HLA-DR2 group

In this study we present an approach for the definition of the alleles belonging to the HLA-DR2 group by DNA typing with oligonucleotide probes. Following methodology similar to that we used previously for the definition of other HLA-Dr subsets, we have now developed primers for DR2-DRB1 and DR2-DRB5 amplification, and probes for the identification of sequences that distinguish the subtypes of this group of genes. The method used defines all the previously described alleles at both DR2-associated DRB loci. In addition, we have identified a variant of DRB1-DR2-Dw2. This new allele has been called DRB1^* 15.3. It is different from DRB1^* 1501 in codon 30, where it carries histidine instead of tyrosine. Eight different haplotype combinations of DRB5, DRB1, and DQB1 were identified within the DR2 group and their occurrence in four normal panels of different ethnic origin has been described. Haplotypes containing DRB1^* 15.3 occurred most frequently in black panel members in whom it was associated with either DQB1^* 0602 or DQB1^* 0501. Two unusual haplotypes were observed: one containing elements of DR2-Dw21 (DQB1^* 0502) and of DR2-Dw22 (DRB1^* 1602) and one containing elements of Dw21 (DRB1^* 1601, DQB1^* 0502) and Dw2 (DRB5^* 0101). The methods described permit simple and rapid determination of the alleles of the HLA-DR2 group and should be useful for population studies and for investigation of DR2-associated diseases.