TY - JOUR
T1 - Depression and Cognitive Control across the Lifespan
T2 - a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU - Dotson, Vonetta M.
AU - McClintock, Shawn M.
AU - Verhaeghen, Paul
AU - Kim, Joseph U.
AU - Draheim, Amanda A.
AU - Syzmkowicz, Sarah M.
AU - Gradone, Andrew M.
AU - Bogoian, Hannah R.
AU - Wit, Liselotte De
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by funding from the National Institute of Mental Health (SMM) and the Georgia State and University Brains & Behavior graduate student fellowship (AAB and AMG).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - Depression has been shown to negatively impact neurocognitive functions, particularly those governed by fronto-subcortical networks, such as executive functions. Converging evidence suggests that depression-related executive dysfunction is greater at older ages, however, this has not been previously confirmed by meta-analysis. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, using three-level models, on peer-reviewed studies that examined depression-related differences in cognitive control in healthy community-dwelling individuals of any age. We focused on studies of cognitive control as defined by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, which centers on goal-directed behavior, such as goal selection (updating, representations, maintenance), response selection (inhibition or suppression), and performance monitoring. In 16,806 participants aged 7 to 97 across 76 studies, both clinical depression and subthreshold depressive symptoms were associated with cognitive control deficits (Hedges’ g = -0.31). This relationship was stronger in study samples with an older mean age. Within studies with a mean age of 39 years or higher, which represents the median age in our analyses, the relationship was stronger in clinical compared to subthreshold depression and in individuals taking antidepressant medication. These findings highlight the importance of clinicians screening for cognitive control dysfunction in patients with depression, particularly in later stages of adulthood.
AB - Depression has been shown to negatively impact neurocognitive functions, particularly those governed by fronto-subcortical networks, such as executive functions. Converging evidence suggests that depression-related executive dysfunction is greater at older ages, however, this has not been previously confirmed by meta-analysis. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, using three-level models, on peer-reviewed studies that examined depression-related differences in cognitive control in healthy community-dwelling individuals of any age. We focused on studies of cognitive control as defined by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework, which centers on goal-directed behavior, such as goal selection (updating, representations, maintenance), response selection (inhibition or suppression), and performance monitoring. In 16,806 participants aged 7 to 97 across 76 studies, both clinical depression and subthreshold depressive symptoms were associated with cognitive control deficits (Hedges’ g = -0.31). This relationship was stronger in study samples with an older mean age. Within studies with a mean age of 39 years or higher, which represents the median age in our analyses, the relationship was stronger in clinical compared to subthreshold depression and in individuals taking antidepressant medication. These findings highlight the importance of clinicians screening for cognitive control dysfunction in patients with depression, particularly in later stages of adulthood.
KW - Age differences
KW - Cognition
KW - Executive control
KW - Executive function
KW - Major depression
KW - Older adults
KW - Subthreshold depression
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U2 - 10.1007/s11065-020-09436-6
DO - 10.1007/s11065-020-09436-6
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32385756
AN - SCOPUS:85084420249
SN - 1040-7308
VL - 30
SP - 461
EP - 476
JO - Neuropsychology Review
JF - Neuropsychology Review
IS - 4
ER -