Abstract
Purpose of Review: To summarize the current available treatments for stage I rectal cancer and the evidence that supports them. Recent Findings: Radical surgery, or total mesorectal excision (TME) without neoadjuvant therapy, reports excellent oncologic outcomes, with 5-year disease-free survival of approximately 95%. Alternative therapies include local excision, which has acceptable long-term outcomes in some low-risk T1 tumors; but overall local excision, with or without additional chemotherapy or radiation, generally reports 5-year disease-free survival less than TME alone. New research is showing complete clinical response rates of 67% with chemoradiation combined with additional consolidation chemotherapy in T2 lesions, making watch and wait a potential strategy for stage I tumors. Summary: Owing to its superior oncologic outcomes, radical surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for stage I tumors. Both local excision and watch and wait have advantages that may make them useful in individual patients and should be considered under the right circumstances.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 40 |
Journal | Current oncology reports |
Volume | 22 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 1 2020 |
Keywords
- Local excision
- Rectal cancer
- Stage I
- Total mesorectal excision
- Watch and wait
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Oncology