Crystal structure of human NADK2 reveals a dimeric organization and active site occlusion by lysine acetylation

Charline Mary, Mona Hoseini Soflaee, Rushendhiran Kesavan, Muriel Gelin, Harrison Brown, G. Zacharias, Thomas P. Mathews, Andrew Lemoff, Corinne Lionne, Gilles Labesse, Gerta Hoxhaj

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

NAD+ kinases (NADKs) are metabolite kinases that phosphorylate NAD+ molecules to make NADP+, a limiting substrate for the generation of reducing power NADPH. NADK2 sustains mitochondrial NADPH production that enables proline biosynthesis and antioxidant defense. However, its molecular architecture and mechanistic regulation remain undescribed. Here, we report the crystal structure of human NADK2, revealing a substrate-driven mode of activation. We find that NADK2 presents an unexpected dimeric organization instead of the typical tetrameric assemblage observed for other NADKs. A specific extended segment (aa 325–365) is crucial for NADK2 dimerization and activity. Moreover, we characterize numerous acetylation events, including those on Lys76 and Lys304, which reside near the active site and inhibit NADK2 activity without disrupting dimerization, thereby reducing mitochondrial NADP(H) production, proline synthesis, and cell growth. These findings reveal important molecular insight into the structure and regulation of a vital enzyme in mitochondrial NADPH and proline metabolism.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3299-3311.e8
JournalMolecular cell
Volume82
Issue number17
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 1 2022

Keywords

  • NAD kinases
  • NADK2
  • NADPH metabolism
  • crystal structure
  • mitochondrial metabolism
  • post-translational modifications
  • proline metabolism

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

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