Cost-effectiveness of Monoclonal Antibodies to Gram-negative Endotoxin in the Treatment of Gram-negative Sepsis in ICU Patients

Donald B. Chalfin, M. E Blair Holbein, Alan M. Fein, Graziano C. Carlon

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

63 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective.—To evaluate the fiscal impact and the cost-effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies against gram-negative endotoxin (MAbGNE) in the treatment of presumed gram-negative sepsis. Design.—A decision analysis model was developed from (1) data from two phase III trials that studied the E5 or HA-1A MAbGNE, and (2) financial data from 1405 septic patients who required intensive care at a large tertiary hospital. Setting.—Intensive care unit (ICU) patients with presumed gram-negative sepsis. Patients.—The E5 trial evaluated 468 patients, and the HA-1A study enrolled 543 patients with presumed gram-negative sepsis. Interventions.—The addition of MAbGNE to standard regimens or standard regimens alone. Main Outcome Measures.—Total expected charges and the expected probability of survival were determined for each option. Cost-effectiveness and marginal cost-effectiveness ratios were also derived. Multiple sensitivity and Monte Carlo analyses were performed to test the underlying assumptions. Results.—MAbGNE therapy always resulted in higher expected charges; however, these differences were less than its acquisition cost by $870. The cost-effectiveness ratio for MAbGNE, for $2000 and $4000 acquisition costs, was $71 674 and $74 900 per probability of survival, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that cost-effectiveness was most affected by diagnostic accuracy, patient selection, and acquisition cost. Monte Carlo analysis showed that MAbGNE was more costly for 71% of simulations, yet the most efficacious option for 79% of simulations. Conclusions.—From the perspective of acute care institutions, MAbGNE is expensive and cannot be justified on a cost-saving basis. However, it may be cost-effective throughout a reasonable range of assumptions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)249-254
Number of pages6
JournalJAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
Volume269
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 13 1993

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Medicine

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