Cardiovascular reflexes arising from the gallbladder and pancreas in spinal and in decerebrate cats

Cardiovascular responses to chemical stimulation of thin-fiber afferents from the gallbladder and pancreas were determined before and after C₁ transection of the spinal cord in cats. Additional cats were studied before and after decerebration. Stimulation of gallbladder and pancreatic afferents caused significant increases in arterial pressure and heart rate in all groups; however, smaller responses often occurred in spinal cats. These results demonstrate that spinal circuitry alone can generate cardiovascular responses to visceral stimulation and that supraspinal, though not necessarily suprapontine areas, are involved in producing the full response.