BCR-ABL inhibitors: Updates in the management of patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia

Objectives: This article reviews recent clinical experiences with first-line and second-line second-generation BCR-ABL inhibitors and discusses considerations for selection of therapy for patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Methods: We reviewed recent publications on PubMed and abstracts from major congresses relevant to the topic. Results: Therapeutic options for front-line treatment have increased with the approval of two secondgeneration BCR-ABL inhibitors, dasatinib and nilotinib. Both agents are also treatment options for patients with resistance or intolerance to front-line imatinib. More recently, bosutinib, ponatinib, and omacetaxine have also been approved for patients with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy. Discussion: Expanded treatment options coupled with rapidly changing treatment guidelines have led to numerous questions regarding the selection and monitoring of therapy. Common concerns include how to best select therapy based upon patient-specific comorbidities, monitoring and interpretation of treatment outcomes, and optimization of dosing when side effects occur.