@article{f091685da5ee4ae3a5b2ee7847d61b3d,
title = "Antenatal Magnesium and Cerebral Palsy in Preterm Infants",
abstract = "Objective To evaluate the relationship of maternal antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) with neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities and cerebral palsy (CP). Study design In a randomized trial of MgSO4 or placebo in women at high risk of preterm delivery, up to 3 cranial ultrasounds were obtained in the neonatal period. Images were reviewed by at least 2 pediatric radiologists masked to treatment and other clinical conditions. Diagnoses were predefined for intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, intracerebral echolucency or echodensity, and ventriculomegaly. CP was diagnosed at 2 years of age by standardized neurologic examination. Results Intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, intracerebral echolucency or echodensity, and ventriculomegaly were all strongly associated with an increased risk of CP. MgSO4 administration did not affect the risk of cranial ultrasound abnormality observed at 35 weeks postmenstrual age or later. However, for the 82% of infants born at <32 weeks gestation, MgSO4 was associated with a reduction in risk of echolucency or echodensity. The reduction in risk for echolucency explained 21% of the effect of MgSO4 on CP (P = .04), and for echodensity explained 20% of the effect (P = .02). Conclusions MgSO4 given prior to preterm delivery was associated with decreased risk of developing echodensities and echolucencies at <32 weeks gestation. However, this effect can only partially explain the effect of MgSO4 on CP at 2 years of age. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00014989.",
author = "{Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network} and {on behalf of the} and {Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network} and Hirtz, {Deborah G.} and Weiner, {Steven J.} and Dorothy Bulas and Michael DiPietro and Joanna Seibert and Rouse, {Dwight J.} and Mercer, {Brian M.} and Varner, {Michael W.} and Reddy, {Uma M.} and Iams, {Jay D.} and Wapner, {Ronald J.} and Yoram Sorokin and Thorp, {John M.} and Ramin, {Susan M.} and Malone, {Fergal D.} and Carpenter, {Marshall W.} and O'Sullivan, {Mary J.} and Peaceman, {Alan M.} and Hankins, {Gary D.V.} and Donald Dudley and Caritis, {Steve N.} and Hauth, {John C.} and Allison Todd and Tawanda Hill and Stacy Harris and Nelson, {Kathleen G.} and Biasini, {Fred J.} and Kristine Anderson and Jensen, {Marla K.} and Williams, {Lori A.} and Fullmer, {Lisa H.} and Guzman, {Anna M.} and Marc Collin and George VanBuren and Cynthia Milluzzi and Monica Fundzak and Cathy Santori and Francee Johnson and Landon, {Mark B.} and Cheryl Latimer and Valerie Curry and Sandra Meadows and Anthony Sciscione and Michelle DiVito and Mary Talucci and Desai, {Shobhana A.} and Paul, {David A.} and Sibai, {Baha M.} and Ramsey, {Risa D.} and Spong, {Catherine Y.}",
note = "Funding Information: Supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD; HD27869 , HD34208 , HD34116 , HD40544 , HD27915 , HD34136 , HD21414 , HD27917 , HD27860 , HD40560 , HD40545 , HD40485 , HD40500 , HD27905 , HD27861 , HD34122 , HD40512 , HD53907 , HD34210 , HD21410 , HD36801 , HD19897 , and M01-RR-000080 ). Comments and views of the authors do not necessarily represent the views of the NICHD or NINDS. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015",
year = "2015",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.06.067",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "167",
pages = "834--839.e3",
journal = "Journal of Pediatrics",
issn = "0022-3476",
publisher = "Mosby Inc.",
number = "4",
}