Additive or Interactive Associations of Food Allergies with Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Relation to ASD and ASD Severity in Jamaican Children

Sepideh Saroukhani, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Jan Bressler, Min Jae Lee, Courtney Byrd-Williams, Manouchehr Hessabi, Megan L. Grove, Sydonnie Shakespeare-Pellington, Katherine A. Loveland, Mohammad H. Rahbar

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

To investigate additive and interactive associations of food allergies with three glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in relation to ASD and ASD severity in Jamaican children. Using data from 344 1:1 age- and sex-matched ASD cases and typically developing controls, we assessed additive and interactive associations of food allergies with polymorphisms in GST genes (GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1) in relation to ASD by applying conditional logistic regression models, and in relation to ASD severity in ASD cases as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2nd Edition (ADOS-2) total and domains specific comparison scores (CSs) by fitting general linear models. Although food allergies and GST genes were not associated with ASD, ASD cases allergic to non-dairy food had higher mean ADOS-2 Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB) CS (8.8 vs. 8.0, P = 0.04). In addition, allergy to dairy was associated with higher mean RRB CS only among ASD cases with GSTT1 DD genotype (9.9 vs. 7.8, P < 0.01, interaction P = 0.01), and GSTP1 Val/Val genotype under a recessive genetic model (9.8 vs. 7.8, P = 0.02, interaction P = 0.06). Our findings are consistent with the role for GST genes in ASD and food allergies, though require replication in other populations.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)704-724
Number of pages21
JournalJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Volume54
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 2024

Keywords

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
  • Food allergy
  • Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes
  • Interaction
  • Jamaica
  • Oxidative stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Developmental and Educational Psychology

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