@article{d23abe48b0ea4989a20c9f014cba7a49,
title = "Acute liver failure due to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate",
abstract = "The aim of our study is to report upon the presentation of two patients with life-threatening acute liver failure (ALF) due to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. A 59-year-old, Caucasian male presented with ALF 34 days after receiving amoxicillin/clavulanate. Despite aggressive supportive care, he died on hospital day 10. A 42-year-old, Caucasian female presented with ALF 21 days after receiving amoxicillin. She underwent successful liver transplantation on hospital day 19. In both cases, all competing causes of ALF had been excluded, liver pathology was consistent with drug-induced hepatitis, and cases were deemed {"}definite/highly probable{"} using causality assessment. Amongst 14 prior ALF/death cases due to amoxicillin/clavulanate, the mean age (62 years), male predominance (57%), and mean delay from drug cessation to presentation (17 days) is similar to what has been reported in patients with self-limited cholestatic hepatitis. Acute liver failure is a rare manifestation of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate hepatotoxicity with no obvious clinical features at presentation portending a poor prognosis. Early transfer of patients with severe drug-induced hepatotoxicity (i.e., encephalopathy or coagulopathy) to a transplant center is recommended due to their poor likelihood of recovery.",
keywords = "Acute liver failure, Amoxicillin/clavulanate, Hepatotoxicity, Transplantation",
author = "Fontana, {Robert J.} and Shakil, {A. Obaid} and Greenson, {Joel K.} and Ian Boyd and Lee, {William M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge members of the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group 1998–2003. William M. Lee (PI), Frank V. Schi{\o}dt, George Ostapowicz, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Anne M. Larson, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Raj Santyanarayana, Cary Caldwell, Lawton Shick, Washington University, St Louis, MO; Timothy J. Davern, Nathan Bass, Smita Rouillard, University of California at San Francisco, CA; Evren Atillasoy, Mke Schilsky, Mt Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Timothy M. McCashland, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE; J. Eileen Hay, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Jeffrey S. Crippin, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX; A. Obaid Shakil, University of Pittsburgh, PA; Andres T. Blei, Steven Flamm, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Kent G. Benner, Hugo R. Rosen, Atif Zaman, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR; Steven Huy Bui Han, Paul Martin, Ris{\"e} Stribling, University of California at Los Angeles, CA; Eugene R. Schiff, Maria B. Torres; University of Miami, FL; Robert J. Fontana, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Victor Navarro, Yale University, New Haven, CT; Brendan McGuire, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL; Raymond Chung, Diane Abraczinskas, Jules Dienstag, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Arun Samanta, university of Medicine and Dentistry, Princeton, NJ; Raj Satyanarayana Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FLA; Lorenzo Rossaro University of California Davis, Sacremento, CA; Todd Stravitz, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; Santiago Munoz, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA; Adrian Reuben, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; M Edwyn Harrison, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ. This work was supported in part by NIH grant RO1 DK58369.",
year = "2005",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1007/s10620-005-2938-5",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "50",
pages = "1785--1790",
journal = "Digestive Diseases and Sciences",
issn = "0163-2116",
publisher = "Springer New York",
number = "10",
}