@article{51f87f7da516496ea2be78a8d8e774d1,
title = "Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke Pathophysiology and Medical Interventions: Blood Pressure Control, Management of Anticoagulant-Associated Brain Hemorrhage and General Management Principles",
abstract = "Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage is a neurologic emergency that accounts for about 10% to 20% of all strokes. Few patients suffering from intracerebral hemorrhage are expected to be independent 6 months after the event. This article reviews the pathophysiology and general medical management principles of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, including the acute management of elevated blood pressure and management of anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage.",
author = "Testai, {Fernando D.} and Venkatesh Aiyagari",
note = "Funding Information: The multinational phase III open-labeled pilot trial Intensive Blood Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage (INTERACT), sponsored by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, is also underway. This study is designed to establish whether lowering acutely elevated high blood pressure in ICH will reduce mortality or dependency at 3 months [86] . In its vanguard phase, subjects with ICH (n = 404), presenting within 6 hours of stroke symptoms and SBP between 150 mm Hg and 220 mm Hg, were randomized to receive either intensive antihypertensive treatment (SBP goal of < 140 mm Hg) or a more conservative treatment (SBP goal of < 180 mm Hg). The systolic blood pressure after the first hour of treatment was an average of 14-mm Hg lower in the intensive treatment arm. The average hematoma growth and the frequency of significant hematoma growth (more than one-third the initial volume) were respectively 22.6% (95% CI = −0.6 to −44.6) and 36% (95% CI = 0 to 59) lower in the intensive group than in those patients treated conservatively [87] . ",
year = "2008",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1016/j.ncl.2008.06.001",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "26",
pages = "963--985",
journal = "Neurologic Clinics",
issn = "0733-8619",
publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",
number = "4",
}