1 Year HIIT and Omega-3 Fatty Acids to Improve Cardiometabolic Risk in Stage-A Heart Failure

Christopher M. Hearon, Katrin A. Dias, James P. MacNamara, Michinari Hieda, Yogamaya Mantha, Rakushumimarika Harada, Mitchel Samels, Margot Morris, Lidia S. Szczepaniak, Benjamin D. Levine, Satyam Sarma

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to determine whether 1 year of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) supplementation would improve fitness, cardiovascular structure/function, and body composition in obese middle-aged adults at high-risk of heart failure (HF) (stage A). Background: It is unclear if intensive lifestyle interventions begun in stage A HF can improve key cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Methods: High-risk obese adults (n = 80; age 40 to 55 years; N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide >40 pg/mL or high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T >0.6 pg/mL; visceral fat >2 kg) were randomized to 1 year of HIIT exercise or attention control, with n-3 FA (1.6 g/daily omega-3-acid ethyl esters) or placebo supplementation (olive oil 1.6 g daily). Outcome variables were exercise capacity quantified as peak oxygen uptake (V.O2), left ventricular (LV) mass, LV volume, myocardial triglyceride content (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), arterial stiffness/function (central pulsed-wave velocity; augmentation index), and body composition (dual x-ray absorptiometry scan). Results: Fifty-six volunteers completed the intervention. There was no detectible effect of HIIT on visceral fat or myocardial triglyceride content despite a reduction in total adiposity (Δ: -2.63 kg, 95% CI: -4.08 to -0.46, P = 0.018). HIIT improved exercise capacity by ∼24% (ΔV.O2: 4.46 mL/kg per minute, 95% CI: 3.18 to 5.56; P < 0.0001), increased LV mass (Δ: 9.40 g, 95% CI: 4.36 to 14.44; P < 0.001), and volume (Δ: 12.33 mL, 95 % CI: 5.61 to 19.05; P < 0.001) and reduced augmentation index (Δ: -4.81%, 95% CI: -8.63 to -0.98; P = 0.009). There was no independent or interaction effect of n-3 FA on any outcome. Conclusions: One-year HIIT improved exercise capacity, cardiovascular structure/function, and adiposity in stage A HF with no independent or additive effect of n-3 FA administration.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)238-249
Number of pages12
JournalJACC: Heart Failure
Volume10
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2022

Keywords

  • myocardial triglyceride
  • obesity
  • vascular stiffness
  • visceral adipose tissue

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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